Wandering is a common and concerning behaviour in dementia patients, often driven by confusion, anxiety, or a need to fulfill a perceived goal. While challenging, understanding the reasons behind wandering and implementing proactive measures can significantly reduce risks and enhance your senior loved one’s safety. Below, we’ll discuss strategies to effectively manage wandering and create a secure environment.
Identify the Causes of Wandering
To better manage wandering behaviours, it’s essential to identify why it occurs. Dementia patients often wander due to the following reasons:
- Confusion or disorientation – They may forget where they are or where they intended to go.
- Anxiety or restlessness – Nervous energy can compel a person to move around excessively.
- Unmet needs – Hunger, thirst, or the need to use the restroom can trigger wandering behaviours.
- Desire for routine or purpose – Wandering may reflect a former daily habit, such as going to work or taking a walk.
Understanding why your loved one wanders can guide you in creating personalized interventions.
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Create a Safe & Secure Environment
Safety is paramount when addressing wandering. Here are steps you can take to minimize physical risks:
- Install alarms or locks – Door alarms or childproof locks can alert you if your loved one tries to leave the house.
- Use barriers strategically – Simple visual barriers, like a black doormat in front of a door, may prevent your loved one from stepping out, as he or she may interpret it as a hole or obstacle.
- Label rooms clearly – Use signs or pictures on doors to help your loved one identify the bathroom, kitchen, or bedroom, reducing confusion.
- Secure outdoor areas – If possible, provide a safe, enclosed outdoor space where your loved one can walk without restrictions.
These measures can prevent wandering in dangerous situations, such as on busy streets or in unfamiliar areas.
Establish a Daily Routine
Creating a predictable daily routine can reduce the likelihood of wandering. Routines provide structure and comfort, which can ease feelings of restlessness or confusion. Include activities such as:
- Regular mealtimes
- Light, enjoyable tasks like puzzles or gardening
- Scheduled breaks, including naps or quiet time
- Daily physical activity, such as walking or stretching
A well-planned, consistent routine can lower anxiety levels and satisfy the need for purpose.
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Provide Identification in Case of Wandering
Despite your best efforts, wandering may still occur. Being prepared can make it easier to locate and return your loved one safely. Steps to consider include:
- ID bracelets or tags – Ensure your loved one wears ID with his or her name, medical condition, and a contact number at all times.
- GPS devices – Invest in wearable GPS trackers to monitor your loved one’s location in real time.
- Recent photos – Keep up-to-date photos of your loved one to share with local authorities in case of an emergency.
These proactive measures can provide peace of mind and expedite the search if wandering does happen.
Engage Professional Support & Resources
Managing dementia-related wandering can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to do it all alone. Enlist the help of professionals and utilize community resources:
- Healthcare providers – Discuss wandering behaviours with your loved one’s doctor, as medication adjustments or treatment plans may reduce symptoms.
- Caregiver support groups – Connect with others in similar situations for advice and emotional support.
- Memory care facilities – For severe cases, consider specialized facilities with secure environments designed to prevent wandering while still maintaining a sense of freedom.
Taking advantage of available tools and services ensures better care and safety for your loved one.
Even when families have the best intentions, caring for a senior loved one with dementia can be challenging. Fortunately, Home Care Assistance is here to help. We are a leading provider of dementia care. Edmonton families can take advantage of our flexible and customizable care plans, and our caregivers always stay up to date on the latest developments in senior care. If your loved one needs assistance with the challenges of aging, reach out to one of our knowledgeable, compassionate Care Managers today at (780) 490-7337.